Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 64
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 64
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 240
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 240
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant SEC_KEY - assumed 'SEC_KEY'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 240
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 64
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 64
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 24
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 24
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant SEC_KEY - assumed 'SEC_KEY'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 24
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
2024-08-22
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 64
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 64
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 27
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 27
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant SEC_KEY - assumed 'SEC_KEY'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 27
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
现场故障分析时,首先对设备要有一个宏观了解,根据表现出的外在特征得出表层原因;然后对其主要振动特征进行机理分析,从而判断深层次原因。
如何判断的前提条件是熟悉设备结构、检修工艺、运行方式及用途、检修及运行历史、振动过程等等。
一、了解振动历史情况
当机器振动突然增大或是振动逐渐增大,判断期间振动是否稳定,若不稳定,其与哪种参数相关联等等。
例如:振动突然增大可能为转子突然失衡、刚度突然减弱;振幅不稳定是否与负荷调整、温度变化、启停机等有关联。
二、了解检修情况
振动开始前后是否进行过检修,若检修前振动不大,那么本次检修的经过及更换的部件必须十分清楚,类似于这种情况,往往从检修过程中就能找到故障原因。
例如:检修前就振动大,检修后振动无显著变化,这样也可排除已经检修过的内容。
三、对设备的外部观察和测试
了解设备的基本参数,如:设备的温度、声音、压力、转速、负荷、油温、振动等,快速了解设备的整体运转情况,大概确定是什么故障类型,对一些常见故障来说,甚至可以就此做出精准诊断,而单纯依靠信号分析反而容易将简单问题复杂化。
四、确定故障部位
通常,故障部位在具有最大振幅位置。随着与故障源距离的增加,激振力会逐渐衰减。当然,这个规则也有例外。
例如:立式设备,由于高度与刚度的关系,被牵引部分的故障会导致上部的电机振动最大。
五、简易判断故障原因
可根据各参数与振动的关系,以及振动的方向,准确判断一些故障原因。
例如,水平方向和垂直方向振动幅值相比较就可基本确定部分故障原因,但之前必须清楚设备的安装结构,也就是应该对水平方向和垂直方向的相对刚度有个感性认识。
设备安装在坚固的或刚性的支承上,与安装在弹性支撑上是不一样的,在此只讨论刚性基础的设备。
假设风机安装在刚性混凝土基础上,设备垂直刚度会大于水平刚度。这时,对于如质量不平衡这样的普通故障,一般水平方向振幅大于垂直方向振幅。
假如垂直方向振动大于水平方向振动,说明垂直方向刚度小于水平刚度,可能是由于松动或配合间隙过大造成的。
若对轮侧轴承垂直方向振动大时,也可能是由于对中上下偏差造成的。
而靠近叶轮侧的水平振动一般预示着转子不平衡,而靠近联轴器侧的水平振动往往是联轴器不对中。
对于轴向振动,一般要考虑是否发生了不对中或轴弯曲。当然,如果轴向振幅也可能是由于外伸端转子不平衡引起的。
需要注意的是,流体的扰动往往会造成转子的轴向振动,因此可调整负荷进行观察。
六、振动数据的结合与比较
拥有仪器设备的情况下,最终与仪器测量相结合,若有以前的振动数据,一定要加以比较,查看具体是哪些频率发生了较大变化。
引发异常振动的故障都会产生一定频率成分的振动,可能是单一频率,也可能是一组频率或某个频带。
根据振动信号的频率组成,时域波形、以及不同部位的相位关系,可以很快排除一批不可能出现的故障,将注意力集中在几个可能的故障原因上,然后结合所有特征逐一进行排除。
(来源:机泵与轴承)
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 64
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 64
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 36
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 36
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant SEC_KEY - assumed 'SEC_KEY'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 36
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 64
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 64
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 36
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant APP_ID - assumed 'APP_ID'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 36
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Notice
Message: Use of undefined constant SEC_KEY - assumed 'SEC_KEY'
Filename: database/translate.php
Line Number: 69
Backtrace:
File: D:\database\translate.php
Line: 69
Function: _error_handler
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\views\news\knowledgePage.php
Line: 36
Function: lang
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\application\controllers\news.php
Line: 248
Function: view
File: D:\wwwroot\blfsy.com\index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once